What Is an Under Sink Water System?

An under-sink water system is a filtration system that is installed underneath your kitchen or bathroom sink. These systems are designed to filter water as it flows from your home’s water supply into the tap, ensuring that only clean and purified water reaches your faucet. Unlike traditional pitcher filters or countertop models, under-sink filters are more powerful and provide filtered water on-demand, making them ideal for families or households with higher water usage.

Under-sink water systems come in a variety of types, each with unique filtration methods. Some use multiple stages of filtration, while others rely on a single filtration medium. Below, we’ll explore the most common types of under-sink water systems and what makes each one different.

Types of Under Sink Water Systems

1. Carbon Filtration Systems

One of the most common types of under-sink water filtration systems is the carbon filter. These systems are designed to remove chlorine, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and other chemicals that can affect the taste and odor of water. Carbon filters work by adsorbing impurities onto the surface of the filter, effectively purifying the water.

Benefits of Carbon Filtration:

• Removes chlorine, chloramines, and bad odors
• Improves the taste of water
• Affordable and easy to install
• Simple maintenance, as filters need to be replaced every 6-12 months

Best for:

• Households concerned about chlorine or bad-tasting water.
• People looking for an affordable and effective filtration option.

2. Reverse Osmosis (RO) Systems

Reverse osmosis (RO) systems are one of the most advanced and efficient water filtration methods available. These systems use a semi-permeable membrane to remove up to 99% of contaminants in the water, including chlorine, fluoride, heavy metals, bacteria, and even some viruses. RO systems typically consist of multiple filtration stages, with each stage serving to remove different types of contaminants.

Benefits of Reverse Osmosis:

• Removes a wide range of contaminants, including dissolved solids, heavy metals, and microorganisms
• Provides ultra-pure water that is ideal for drinking and cooking
• Comes with a storage tank to ensure you always have purified water on hand
• Often includes additional filters like activated carbon to improve taste and odor

Best for:

• Households looking for a high level of water purification
• People concerned about heavy metals, fluoride, and other contaminants

3. Ultraviolet (UV) Filtration Systems

UV filtration systems are designed to disinfect water by exposing it to ultraviolet light. UV light kills or inactivates microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, and protozoa by damaging their DNA, making them unable to reproduce and cause illness. These systems are often used in conjunction with other filtration methods, such as carbon filters or reverse osmosis, to provide a more comprehensive filtration solution.

Benefits of UV Filtration:

• Kills bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens
• Effective for disinfecting water
• No chemicals required, making it environmentally friendly
• Can be used in conjunction with other filtration systems

Best for:

• People with concerns about waterborne pathogens and bacteria
• Households that want to ensure water is free from viruses and microorganisms

4. Distillation Systems

Distillation systems work by boiling water and then condensing the steam back into liquid form. This process removes most contaminants, including heavy metals, salts, and some chemicals. However, distillation is a slower process compared to other filtration methods, and it typically doesn’t remove volatile chemicals such as chlorine.

Benefits of Distillation:

• Removes most contaminants, including heavy metals and salts
• Provides ultra-pure water
• Simple to use and maintain

Best for:

• People looking for a highly effective filtration method for specific types of contaminants
• Households that are not concerned with the slower filtration process

5. Alkaline Water Filters

Alkaline water filters are designed to not only purify the water but also increase its pH level. These systems typically use minerals like calcium, magnesium, and potassium to raise the pH of the water, turning it into “alkaline” water, which is believed by some to have various health benefits, such as improving hydration and neutralizing acidity in the body.

Benefits of Alkaline Water Filters:

• Raises the pH of water for potential health benefits
• Removes common contaminants like chlorine, sediment, and heavy metals
• Provides fresh-tasting water with added minerals

Best for:

• People interested in the potential health benefits of alkaline water
• Those who want both purified and mineralized water

Features to Consider When Choosing an Under Sink Water System

When selecting the right under-sink water system for your home, it’s important to keep several key factors in mind to ensure you’re making the right choice. Here’s a breakdown of the most important features to consider:

1. Filtration Capacity

Different under-sink systems have different filtration capacities. Some systems can filter several gallons per day, while others are designed to purify water for just one or two people. Be sure to choose a system that fits your household’s needs.

2. Installation and Maintenance

Some systems are more complex to install and maintain than others. For example, reverse osmosis systems often require professional installation, while carbon filters are typically easier to install on your own. Maintenance requirements also vary, so make sure you know how often you’ll need to replace filters or perform upkeep.

3. Contaminants Removed

Look for a system that effectively removes the contaminants you’re most concerned about. For example, if you’re worried about heavy metals, a reverse osmosis system may be the best choice. If your main concern is chlorine and bad taste, a carbon filter could suffice.

4. Flow Rate

The flow rate refers to how quickly the system can provide filtered water. Some systems may have a slower flow rate due to multi-stage filtration or storage tanks. If you require high water usage, such as for cooking or multiple people in the household, consider a system with a higher flow rate.

5. Cost

While under-sink filtration systems can be a bit of an investment, they tend to be more cost-effective in the long run than bottled water. Keep in mind that the upfront cost is only part of the picture. Factor in ongoing maintenance, filter replacements, and water usage.

Comparison Table: Under Sink Water Filtration Systems

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Under Sink Water Systems

1. How do I know which type of under-sink water filtration system is right for me?

It depends on your specific needs. If you’re mainly concerned about taste or chlorine, a carbon filter might suffice. For those looking to remove a broad range of contaminants, including heavy metals, reverse osmosis or distillation systems are better choices. If you’re particularly concerned about bacteria and viruses, consider a UV filtration system.

2. How often do I need to replace the filters in an under-sink water system?

Filter replacement frequency varies based on the type of system and water usage. Carbon filters usually need replacement every 6-12 months, while reverse osmosis and distillation systems may need filter replacements or cleaning every 12-24 months. Always check the manufacturer’s guidelines for specific maintenance intervals.

3. Is it necessary to install an under-sink water filtration system professionally?

Some systems, especially reverse osmosis models, may require professional installation due to plumbing requirements. However, many carbon filter systems can be easily installed by homeowners with basic DIY skills. Always follow the installation instructions provided by the manufacturer.

4. Are under-sink filtration systems safe for well water?

Yes, many under-sink filtration systems can work with well water, but it’s important to choose a system that is designed to handle specific contaminants found in well water, such as bacteria, iron, or sulfur. If you have well water, you may need additional filtration stages.

5. Do under-sink water systems remove fluoride?

Reverse osmosis systems are known for effectively removing fluoride, but most carbon filters and other systems do not. If fluoride removal is a priority for you, look for a reverse osmosis or a specialized fluoride filter.

6. Can I use under-sink water systems for hot water?

Typically, under-sink water filtration systems are designed for cold or room temperature water. Using hot water can damage the filter media, so it’s best to install a separate filter if you need to filter hot water.

7. Do under-sink filtration systems waste water?

Some systems, particularly reverse osmosis systems, waste water during the filtration process. For example, a reverse osmosis system may waste up to 4 gallons of water for every gallon purified. However, some newer systems are designed to minimize water waste.